High School OLC/9th Grade PHE
Setting Goals
A goal is something you want to achieve. A short-term goal is something you want to achieve soon. Examples of short-term goals are finishing your homework and doing well on tomorrow’s test. A long-term goal is something you want to achieve at some later date. Examples of long-term goals are writing a paper and passing a class.
To set appropriate goals, you must know what is important for you to accomplish. Then you must set specific and clearly stated goals. If you do not have clearly stated goals, your effort will lack direction and focus. Write your goals to have a record of them.
THE THREE W'S OF GOALS
Each goal you set should state WHAT you will do and WHEN you will accomplish it. Implied in each goal you set is your WILL (determination) to do it. For example, a goal for a research paper might be stated as follows: I will (your determination) finish gathering information for my research paper (what you will do) by November 20 (when you will accomplish it).
CHARACTERISTICS OF APPROPRIATE GOALS
Your goals should be:
1. within your skills and abilities. Knowing your strengths and weaknesses will help you set goals you can accomplish.
2. realistic. Setting a goal to learn the spelling of three new words a day is realistic. Trying to learn the spelling of fifty new words a day is not realistic.
3. flexible. Sometimes things will not go the way you anticipate and you may need to change your goal. Stay flexible so when you realize a change is necessary you will be ready to make the change.
4. measurable. It is important to be able to measure your progress toward a goal. It is especially important to recognize when you have accomplished your goal and need to go no further. Failure to measure your progress toward a goal and recognize its accomplishment will result in effort that is misdirected and wasted.
5. within your control. Other than when working as part of a group, accomplishment of your goal should not depend on other students. You can control what you do, but you have little or no control over what others do. You may do what you have to do, but if others don’t, you will not accomplish your goal.
Many times your parents, teachers, and counselors will set goals for you. Be accepting when they do. These are people who know what is important for you and are very concerned with your success. They can also help you accomplish the goals they set.
SET GOALS IN SCHOOL THAT PROVIDE YOU WITH DIRECTION AND LEAD TO SUCCESS.
CMS Physical Education Department
9th Grade BASKETBALL Handout
History
On December 1, 1891, in Springfield, Massachusetts, at the International Training School of the Young Men's Christian Association (YMCA), which later became Springfield College, Dr. James Naismith (1861-1939) hung two peach baskets at the opposite ends of a gymnasium and created the game of basketball. The game was actually developed to help condition football players during the winter months and, as such, it focused on limited physical contact but a lot of running, jumping, shooting, and hand-eye coordination. It was originally played with a soccer-style ball and had only 13 rules. The peach baskets Naismith hung as goals gave the sport the name of basketball. His students were excited about the game and Christmas vacation gave them the chance to tell their friends at their local YMCAs about the game. The association leaders wrote to Naismith asking for copies of the rules and they were published in the Triangle, the school newspaper, on January 15, 1892. The American sport of basketball has grown from those humble beginnings to a popular sport in many countries throughout the world.
Basics
The objective of the game is to outscore the opponent by passing, bouncing, handing, or dribbling the basketball into position to put the ball into the opponent's basket. Two teams of five players, consisting of two guards, two forwards, and a center play basketball. Centers are usually the tallest players on the team and spend most of their time near the basket. Forwards are good shooters and rebounders and generally move near the basket to the edges of the three point line. Guards, who are usually shorter and quicker, control the flow of the game by dribbling and passing.
Basketball Glossary of Terms
Backboard- A rectangular surface on which an 18-inch basket is attached.
Bank shot- A shot that hits the backboard and then enters the basket.
Bounce pass- A pass in which the ball contacts the floor and rebounds to a teammate.
Dribble- The act of advancing the ball by a series of bounces.
Foul- An infringement of the rules resulting in the opponent being awarded one or more free throw or possession of the ball.
Free throw- An unguarded attempt for a goal from a line 15 feet from the backboard.
Charging- A foul resulting from an offensive player colliding with a stationary defensive player.
Blocking- A foul resulting from a defensive player moving to cause a collision with an offensive player.
Traveling- Taking more than one step with the ball without passing, dribbling, or shooting.
Double dribble- A violation when a player stops the dribble and re-starts it without another player handling the ball; palming the ball; or dribbling the ball with both hands at once.
Jump ball- A method of having an official put the ball into play by tossing it between two opposing players in one of the restraining circles.
Lay-up- A running shot executed by playing the ball against the backboard so that it rebounds into the basket or drops just over the rim.
Pivot- A technique of avoiding an opponent by moving the body and stepping one or more times on one foot, while keeping the other foot stationary.
Rebound- The process of obtaining the ball that strikes the backboard or the rim.
Blocking out- A technique used to gain a better position on the court between the basket and the opponent in order to rebound the ball.
Cut- A quick, sharp, diagonal run toward the basket.
Give and go- An offensive maneuver whereby a player passes to a teammate and cuts toward the basket, expecting to receive a return pass.
Man-to-man- A defensive system in which each player is responsible for covering a specific player.
Zone- A defensive system in which each player is responsible for covering a specific area of the court.
Basic Rules
Personal fouls: These fouls are made when a player holds, pushes, hacks (strikes), trips, charges, blocks, or is unnecessarily rough. If and when a player is in the act of shooting or in the process of making a lay-up, and gets fouled, he/she is entitled to two free throws from the free-throw line. If the ball goes into the basket during the foul (continuation play) the basket counts, and the fouled player gets one additional free throw. Five personal fouls constitute a player disqualification from the game.
Technical fouls: These fouls can be called against a player, substitute, coach, or fans for any unsportsmanlike conduct. Two such fouls constitutes a player disqualification from the game.
Team fouls: These fouls are personal and technical fouls combined. After a team has committed 7 team fouls in a half, the opposing team gets to shoot two free throws regardless whether the foul occurred in the act of shooting, the process of making a lay-up, while passing, dribbling, moving on the floor or rebounding. When a player gets fouled while passing, dribbling, moving on the floor, or rebounding, and his/her team is not in a bonus situation, then the offended team gets the possession of the ball from the sideline nearest to where the offense (foul) occurred.
When inbounding, it is a violation to:
* Move from the designated throw-in spot
* Take more than 5 seconds to put the ball into play
* Carry the ball onto the court
* Fail to pass the ball directly onto the court
* Touch the ball again before anther player has touched it
* Throw the ball so that it enters the basket without touching anyone else
During play, it is a violation to:
* Run while holding the ball, kick the ball, strike the ball with the fist, or cause the ball to enter the basket from below
* Dribble the ball again, after the first dribble has ended, unless the ball has been batted away by an opponent, or loss of control was due to a try for a goal
* Remain in the key or the lane for more than 3 seconds (offensive players only)
* Maintain continuous control of the ball in the backcourt for more than 10 seconds
* Swing the arms or elbows excessively, even though no contact is made with an opponent
* Return to the backcourt with the ball, once the ball is the forecourt (Backcourt violation)
* To take more than 30 seconds to shoot so that the ball touches the rim or the backboard
During a free throw, it is a violation to:
* If a shooter steps on or over the line before the ball goes through the basket or hits the rim
* To disturb or distract the shooter
* If the rebounding players enter the lane before the free thrower releases the ball
General basketball information
* Stepping on the outer lines or ball touching the line, is considered out
* A basket from the field scores 2 or 3 points, and a free throw scores 1 point
* A fouled player must take the free throws; if injured, the substitute shoots them
* There are 2 time outs per half, lasting 1 minute each
* Substitutions are unlimited, permitted during stoppages of play
* Duration of the game is two halves of 20 minutes each, with 10 or 15 minute break
* 5 officials control the game: 2 referees on the court, a scorekeeper, a timekeeper, and a shot-clock operator
The preceding are the basic rules of basketball. However, the rules vary slightly between the various leagues and level of play. For precise rules, see the rule book for your league of interest.
